精神分裂症患者治疗前后血浆多不饱和脂肪酸水平变化的研究

The variation of plasma four polyunsaturated fatty acids level in schizophrenias prior and post-treat- ment

目的研究精神分裂症患者血浆中的4种多不饱和脂肪酸（亚油酸，LA；花生四烯酸，AA；二十碳五烯酸，EPA；二十二碳六烯酸，DHA）治疗前后的变化，探讨脂肪酸代谢在精神分裂症病理生理机制中的作用。方法以30例精神分裂症为研究对象，27名正常人群作为对照。用气相色谱仪（Gc）测定其血浆中LA、AA、EPA和DHA等4种多不饱和脂肪酸的浓度。治疗6周后重测1次。结果抗精神病药物治疗前后，精神分裂症患者血浆中ω-6族脂肪酸LA浓度[分别是（735．86±40．48）mg／L，（783．75±29．05）mg／L]均低于正常对照组[（995．83±14．23）mg／L，（991．39±14．20）mg／L，P〈0．01]，而AA浓度与对照差异无显著性。ω-3族脂肪酸EPA和DHA浓度在治疗前高于对照组（P〈0．05），治疗后恢复正常。结论精神分裂症血浆中ω-3族脂肪酸EPA和DHA增多，治疗后恢复正常，支持精神分裂症的脂质过氧化假说。

Objective To investigate the variation of four plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFAs） level, including linoleic acid （ LA）, arachidonic acid （ AA）, eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA） and docosahexaenoic acid （DHA） prior-and post-treatment. Methods The subjects were 30 inpatients with schizophrenia. The controls were 27 normal workers in the same psychiatric ward. PUFAs （LA,AA,EPA and DHA） were quantitatively ana- lyzed by gas chromatography. The same procedures were done after six weeks of therapy with antipsychotic drugs. Results Regardless of prior or post treatment, the plasma levels of ω-6 fatty acids LA （735.86 ± 40.48 mg/L and 783.75 ± 29.05 mg/L）in patients with schizophrenia were significantly lower than in normal controls（ 995.83 ± 14.23 mg/L and 991.39 ± 14.20 mg/L） （P 〈 0.01 ）. No significant differences in the levels of ω-6 fatty acids AA were observed between patients and controls. The levels of 00-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA in schizophrenic patients were higher than in normal controls, After six weeks of treatment with antipsychotic drugs, the plasma levels of EPA and DHA in the schizophrenic patients significantly decreased, tending to normal levels. Conclusions The plasma levels of ω-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA in patients with schizophrenia are higher than normal, tending to normal lev- els after treatment, Which accords with the lipid membrane hypothesis of schizophrenia.