《唐诗别裁集》立足儒家文学观的持守和突破

Confucian Literary Theory in An Anthology of Tang Poems

沈德潜的《唐诗别裁集》对唐诗的选择是从宗旨、体裁、音节三个层次进行的,其中"宗旨"是首要的决定性的因素,体裁、音节是不可或缺的诗歌美的因素,这是儒家所倡导的"尽善尽美"文学观的更具体的规定。沈德潜在自身所处的学术背景中,从宗旨和审美特征两方面对唐诗进行"别裁",将"鲸鱼碧海"、"巨刃摩天"的高格壮响确认为唐诗的主流美学特征,并对以李、杜为宗的唐诗艺术个性给予了充分的肯定。立足儒家传统文学观,《唐诗别裁集》以其新颖风貌在唐诗编选领域奠定了自身的独特地位。

In compiling An Anthology of Tang Poems, Shen Deqian made his own selection of Tang poems based on their purpose, theme and rhythm, of which the purpose came first. Shen Deqian also recognized that the magnificent style was an indispensible element of the aesthetics beauty of Tang poetry and gave it its due weight in selecting the poems. Going a step further, he adequately affirmed the artistic characteristics of Tang Poetry embodied in poems by Li Bai and Du Fu.