近世闽南“海内外两头家”女性财产继承模式

The Mode of Women’s Property Inheritance in the state of Processing Families both in Hometown and Overseas:A study of Overseas Chinese Hometown in Southern Fujian during the 19th Century

明、清时期,闽南人从福建到台湾乃至东南亚开垦或贸易,通常是男性只身前往。他们在海外乏人照顾,结果在他乡又成立一个家庭,形成海外与家乡"两头家"的情况。涉及财产管控、资源分配这类迫切需要解决的现实问题,民间形成一套明确的书面规定,在民事上也有约定俗成的习惯法。本文依据张士箱家族契约文书与吧城华人《公案簿》,阐述近世闽南"海内外两头家"的女性财产继承模式。

In period of Ming and Qing Dynasties,the people of southern Fujian went to cultivate or trade from Fujian to Taiwan as well as Southeast Asia. It was usually that men went alone. They had no wife look after them abroad, as the result they established families both in hometown and overseas. Property management and resource allocation were the urgent realistic problems to be solved. There was a series of documents among the people,and people can also follow the common law. This paper investigates the mode of women＇s inheritance of property in the state of processing families both in hometown and overseas in southern Fujian during the 19th century based on the agreements of Zhang Shi-xiang＇s family and Gong An Bu（Minutes of the Board Meetings of the Chinese Council）.