明代戏曲与影射讥刺之风

On the Operas of Ming Dynasty and their Insinuation Trend

明代中后期,戏曲界有着一股新的动向,即掀起了影射讥刺之风。影射讥刺类剧作的创作缘起不一而足:有因个人恩怨而作;有因受人打压不平而作;有因针对某人的丑恶行为而作;有因党争而作等。而这股影射讥刺之风,对中晚明的戏曲产生了重大影响:如阻碍戏曲的创作进程、毁坏成果,但同时又促进戏曲的创作,甚至使戏曲的创作缘起及过程带上了浓厚的商业化色彩。

In the late Ming Dynasty, the opera circle underwent a new trend of insinuation, which originated from the creation of operas for some reasons, e.g. personal favor and enmity, oppression, description of stigmatic behaviors, quarrels between parties, and etc. However, the insinuation trend exerted great influences on the operas of the mid and late Ming Dynasty. It might he an obstacle to the creation of operas and destroy the fruits that had been made. Meanwhile, it might stimulate the creation of operas and even bring color of business to the process of creation.