成年人被动吸烟情况调查研究

Passive smoking of adults:a research survey

目的调查成年人被动吸烟情况,了解人们对被动吸烟的知识、态度和行为,为制定控烟政策提供依据。方法采用拦截调查的方法,在山东省济南市、聊城市、平阴县三地共调查543人,其中不吸烟者397人。采用χ2检验、Logistic回归分析方法统计分析有关因素与被动吸烟的关系。结果不吸烟者中42.6%的人被动吸烟,其中52.4%的男性被动吸烟,47.8%的女性被动吸烟,男性被动吸烟率高于女性。59.7%的不吸烟者主动反对吸烟者在自己面前吸烟。男性、从事室内工作、不主动拒绝被动吸烟和吸烟者吸烟前不征求他人意见是不吸烟者被动吸烟的危险因素。结论人群中被动吸烟率仍然较高,人们对被动吸烟危害的认识尚不足,拒绝被动吸烟的意识淡漠,对不同公共场所全部禁烟的态度不尽一致,多数人支持在学校、医院、公交工具中全部禁烟。需要进一步加强对公众的控烟宣传,加大公共场所禁烟的力度,减少全人群的烟草暴露特别是加强对不吸烟者的保护力度。

Objective To investigate information of passive smoking in adults and to provide a basis for establishing smoking-con- trol measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was employed in 543 adults in Jinan, Liaocheng, and Pingyin in Shandong Province. 397 of them were non-smokers. Results The passive smoking rate was 42.6% in non-smokers, the male passive smoking rate was 52.4 % while the female rate was 47.8 %. 59.7 % of the non-smokers had initiatively rejected smoker smoking. Male, in-door working, not initiatively refusing passive smoking and not soliciting others＇ agreements before smoking were risk factors of passive smoking. Conclusions The passive smoking rate is high. Adults have not enough knowledge about the harm of passive smoking and their attitudes towards absolutely forbidding smoking are unbalanced in different public places. It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda about smoking-control in public and to reinforce the enforcement of forbidding smoking in public places, so as to reduce tobacco exposure and strengthen the protection of non-smokers.