呼吸道感染标本嗜血杆菌的分布及耐药性分析

The Distribution and Drug Resistance Analysis of Haemophilus in the Respiratory Tract Infection Samples

目的了解本院呼吸道感染标本中嗜血杆菌的临床分布及耐药情况。方法标本接种于嗜血杆菌巧克力平板,对分离到的嗜血杆菌进行鉴定、β-内酰胺酶试验和药敏试验。结果嗜血杆菌β-内酰胺酶的产生率为21.8%,对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/棒酸、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟、左旋氧氟沙星、红霉素、复方新诺明的耐药率分别为28.4%、16.4%、10.2%、3.1%、31.1%、90.2%和52.9%。结论嗜血杆菌是呼吸道感染的主要致病菌。阿莫西林/棒酸和二代三代头孢菌素的敏感率高于其他抗生素。加强嗜血杆菌耐药谱监测,合理使用抗生素是延缓耐药菌株快速上升的最好方法。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of Haemophilus in the respiratory tract infection samples from our hospital. Methods Samples were inoculated in chocolate Haemophilus agar and their strains were isolated and identified. Their β-1actamase-producing capability and drug resistance were tested. Results The Haemophilus β-lactamase-producing rate was 21.8%. The resistance rate of Ampicillin, Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Cefuroxime, Cefotaxine, Levofloxacin, Erythromycin and Trimethoprim/Sulfa were 28.4%, 16.4%, 10.2%, 3.1%, 31.1%, 90.2% and 52.9%, respectively. Conclusion Haemophilus is an important pathogen in the respiratory tract infections. The isolates are more susceptible to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and the second and third generation cephalosporins than other antibiotics. So the correct use of the antibiotics is the best way to decrease the drug resistance.