试论波斯文学的民族特性

On the National Identity of Persian Literature

研究与概括各民族文学及各国文学的特性,应该以民族(国家)文学为最基本单元、以世界文学为广阔平台,进行宏观的比较研究。在宏观比较文学的视阈中,可以概括出波斯(伊朗)传统文学的三个文化特性。第一,独特的历史文化与国际政治环境,造就了无与伦比的"诗人之邦";第二,波斯文学整体渗透于祆教的"善恶二元"观念及"泛伊朗主义"之中;第三,介乎东西方、南北方相交叉的"十字路"位置,使波斯文学形成了"四方交汇"的"介在性"或"间性"特征。

Studying and outlining the literature of every nature and its features should conduct a macro research of comparative literatures with each nation＇s literature as its basic unit and the world literature as the broad platform. From the perspective of comparative macro literature, we can draw three cultural features of Persian （Iranian） traditional literature. First, a unique historical culture and international political environment combined created a matchless ＂land of poets＂ ; second, Zoroastrian- ism permeated into the concept of ＂dualism of good and bad＂ and＂ pan - Iranism＂ in Persian literature from beginning to end ; third, the ＂crossroads＂ location between the East and the West, between the North and South made Persian literature possess the overlapping feature or transitory feature.