村民自治伦理价值追求的困境与超越

The Dilemma and Transcendence On the Pursuit of Value in Ethics of Villagers' Autonomy

村民自治的良性实施是社会转型期农村实现和谐安定的重要支撑力量。从伦理学的角度看,村民自治应当依据自治的原则和规范,形成自身的伦理规范与约束机制,实现人的自由发展,从而最终达到维系乡村伦理秩序和谐之目的。顺利实现村民的自治伦理价值追求与乡村的稳定有序应正视多重现实困境。如,村民与村庄关系的不协调,村民与自由和秩序的冲突矛盾存在,最后导致村庄无法达到自由和秩序的统一。超越村民自治伦理价值追求困境的根本路径,在于从发展集体经济、依从基层法治、均衡分配利益、加快村民教育四个层面最终达到村民与村庄、自由与秩序四者之间的动态平衡与良性互动,实现四者的彼此结合与统一。

The good implement of villagers＇antonomy is supporting power of establishing harmony and stability in social transformation period. From the ethics point of view, villagers＇autonomy should develop its own code of ethics and commitment mechanisms and realize human＇s free development in terms of self - governing principle and norm. So that it will sustain the harmony of ethical order. It will be vital important to look directly into the problems, in order to realize the value pursuit of autonomic ethics and rural stability. Through empirical research on Qingzhou rural governance model,we found it was the discordance between villagers and village and the contradiction between villagers and freedom and order that led to the discordance of freedom and order. The radical way of solving the problem of the value pursuit of autonomic ethics lies in perusing dynamic balance, positive interaction and the unification of the village, villagers, freedom and orders in four aspects ： developing collective economy, applying grass root regulation , balancing the profit and expediting the course of villager education.