德性与伦理规范刍议

On the Virtue and Ethical Regulation

道德都是历史的、具体的,但并不意味着人类不存在某种道德的普适性,也不表明当今社会毋须对普适伦理的寻求。康德的道德既是德性又是规范性;既是道德主体之自觉,又含有道德本体之意味,两者是内在统一的。然而,西方社会因历来政治、法律重于伦理道德,更多的表现为外在的规范伦理。中国传统伦理思想与之不同,是以内在规范和道德自觉之统一为其特征。传统的规范性道德理论,面临现代社会纷繁复杂的价值观和道德无序的局面,已无能为力。德性伦理的复兴,并不排斥伦理规范,而是要在新的历史条件下化外在规范为内在规范,使德性和规范在更高的层面得到内在统一。

There is only the historical and concrete morality. However, it is not meant there is not any widespread morality and it is not also indicated it has no the necessity to seek the universal moral value. Kant＇s theory of morality is both virtue and rule ; both the moral subject and the moral noumenon, so the both are internally united. In the western society, the external normal ethics is much more prevailed because it has the tradition that politics and law are higher than ethics and morality,it is different from the Chinese traditional ethics. The Chinese traditional ethics has the character of the unity of internal regulation and moral consciousness. It is powerless when the traditional theory of normal ethics faces the complex ideas of value and the disorder situation of morality in the world of today, then MacIntyre advances his view which want to revive Aristotle~ theory of virtue. The view has real something that we ought to transfer the external normal ethics into the internal regulation,and combines the popular end of life with people＇s good conscience which both are set up on the foundation of modem idea of value.