论谭嗣同义利观的近代意识

The Modern Consciousness of Tan Sitong's Viewpionts on the Righteousness and Utility

谭嗣同的义利观继承了中国传统功利主义思想、公私观念、民主以及民族主义思想,又加入了新的时代内容;不仅具有经济与伦理的意义,也寄托了他的政治理想,即一方面以之批判同时代那些消极保守,讳言财利的传统教条主义者,批判他们以"通商致贫"为借口而主张"重申海禁"的闭关锁国谬论,为发展近代工商业和资本主义生产关系辩护;另一方面以"天下为公"、"天下之利"的原则和民主思想作为利器,对中国封建专制主义和满清王朝进行了无情的批判。谭嗣同的义利观因此具有强烈而鲜明的近代意识和启蒙特色。

Tan Sitong＇s viewpionts on the righteousness and utility succeed the Chinese traditional theory of the utilitarianism, the viewiont on public and private interests, the democracy and the nationalism,but added his contemporary contents. Not only his viewpionts had the significance of economy and ethics, but also was his political ideas. On the one hand, in order to plead for the development of the modern industry and commerce and the capitalism prduction relations,he criticized the traditional dogmatists on his contemporary who were passive, conservative and did not talk the profits, also criticized the misconception of the closed - door policy which believed that if to carry out the trading policy, it would cause the corruption, and standed for the reaffirmation which ban on maritime trade. On the other hand,he took the democracy and the principles of the people Is profits and of that the world is public as the weapons to criticize unrelentingly the Chinese feudalism and the Man Qing dynasty. Tan Sitong＇s viewpionts on the righteousness and utility had the strong and obvious characteristics of enlightenment and the modern consciousness.