VDR基因多态性与HBV宫内感染的相关性

Association between VDR gene polymorphisms and HBV intrauterine infection

人类感染乙型肝炎病毒后的临床结局复杂多样，包括自限性感染、无症状慢性携带状态和慢性乙型肝炎。病毒本身的毒力和环境因子不能完全解释这些差异，故考虑可能与人类遗传易感性有关，特别是与决定抗原递呈系统和病毒清除系统的基因有关。1，25-二羟维生素D，作为一种免疫调节激素可以通过对其靶细胞的作用进而调节机体的免疫水平，影响疾病结局。1，25-二羟维生素D3对靶细胞的调节必须依赖于靶细胞上维生素D受体的基因型及表达水平，维生素D受体基因多态性造成了维生素D受体信使RNA在转录和表达水平上的差异，造成维生素D受体活性的不同，进而影响1，25-二羟维生素D，对免疫系统的调节作用。研究已证实维生素D受体基因多态性与多种肝脏疾病存在相关性，本文旨在对维生素D受体基因多态性与乙型肝炎病毒宫内传播的相关性研究作以综述，有关这些基因多态性的功能差异机制还需扩大样本进一步研究。

Human infection with hepatitis B virus （HBV）, including self-limited infection, asymptomatic chronic carriing status and chronic hepatitis B, may result in different clinical outcomes. The virulence of HBV and environmental factors cannot explain the difference in clinical outcomes completely. There are strong evidences in HBV infection that host genetic factors play major roles in determination of outcome of the infection, especially those genes that determine antigen transmission system and viral clearance system. 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 [ 1,25-（OH） 2-VD3 ], as an immunity regulatory hormone, can regulate body＇s immunity level by acting on the target cells, thereby it influence outcome of the disease. The regulatory role of 1,25-（ OH）2-VD3 on the target cells depends upon genotypes and expression level of vitamin D receptor （VDR） on the target cells. While VDR gene polymorphisms cause the differences in transcription and expression level of mRNA of VDR, resulting in variation in activity of VDR, so, it influences the immunoregulatory role of 1,25- （OH） 2-VD3 on the immune system. The research has proved that VDR gene polymorphisms is associated with presence of many hepatic diseases. In this article, we reviewed the research on association of VDR gene polymorpgysms with intrauterine transmission of HBV. The mechanisms of differences in function of these polymorphisms and their implications should be studied further through a larger scale study.