比较优势与竞争优势——对浙江农产品出口竞争力的测度与分析

Comparative advantage and Competitive advantage——Evaluation and Analysis on Export Competitiveness of Zhejiang Agricultural Products

本文对入世以后浙江省农产品贸易、出口农产品结构和市场结构做了分析,同时采用RCA指数和TC指数对入世几年来浙江省各类出口农产品的比较优势和竞争优势进行了实证测度,分析了出口竞争力动态变化趋势。研究表明,入世后浙江省农产品整体国际竞争力趋于下降,但部分劳动密集型农产品和资源密集型农产品的竞争优势较强,而土地密集型农产品在国际市场上处于竞争劣势。在此基础上,提出了进一步提升浙江农产品出口竞争力的现实路径。

This paper analyzes the trade of Zhejiang agricultural products, products structure and market structure after China entering WTO, and then makes use of RCA and TC index to estimate empirically the comparative advantage and competitive advantage in kinds of Zhejiang agricultural products export after WTO, also analyzes the export competitiveness trends changed in future. The study shows that the international competitiveness of Zhejiang agricultural products decreased further, however, some labor-intensive＆ resource-intensive products are of competitive advantage while the land-intensive ones are of competitive disadvantage in world markets. On the basis of the above, we propose ways aiming to enhance the export competitiveness of Zhejiang agricultural products.