农村内需与经济增长：基于农民福利视角

Domestic Demand and Economic Growth in the Countryside:Based on the Perspective of the Welfare for Peasants

扩大内需保持经济平稳较快增长是党中央应对国际金融危机作出的重大决策,启动农村消费市场是启动消费拉动内需的关键。农村消费不足是当前面临的突出问题,而对农村消费问题研究长期缺乏福利理论视角。我国优先发展工业的非均衡战略,城市化发展中的农民土地使用权的不等价交换,城乡分割的户籍制度,对农民工的歧视性政策,构成对农民福利的多重剥夺,使城乡居民福利产生巨大的差异。农村生产性福利严重缺失,保障性福利严重滞后,是制约农村消费的主要因素。要启动农村市场,必须调整国民收入分配格局,构建农村生产性福利供给体制,建立健全农村保障性福利体系,提高农民福利水平。

To cope with the international financial crisis, the Party Central Committee made an important policy： expanding the domestic demand to maintain the stable and rapid economic growth. Furthermore, activating rural consumption market is the key to activate the consumption and stimulate the domestic demand. At present, the outstanding problem is the inadequacy of the rural consumption. However, for a long time it has been lacking a perspective of welfare theory for the study of consumption issues in the countryside. There are multiple deprivations to the welfare for peasants which are resulted from the imbalanced strategy of developing the industry in priority, the unequal exchange of the land-using rights for peasants during the urbanization, the household registration system of dividing the residents in the city and countryside and the discriminatory policy to the migrant workers. As a result, a tremendous difference is made in the welfare system between the residents in the city and countryside. The main factors which restrict the rural consumption are the serious deficiencies of the welfare for the rural production and the serious lagging of the welfare for guarantee. To activate the rural market, we must adjust the pattern of the national income distribution, build a system of supplying welfare for rural production, establish a sound welfare system for rural guarantee and improve the level of peasant welfare.