从语用角度分析“我有一个梦想”中的超常搭配

An Analysis of Innovative Collocations in the "I Have a Dream" Speech from the Perspective of Pragmatics

本文以马丁·路德·金牧师著名的"我有一个梦想"演说为例,见证了丰富的超常搭配并从语用学的角度出发探讨该演说中出现的超常搭配。本文采用语用学中的两个理论阐释演说中出现的超常搭配,即言语行为理论及合作原则理论。从言语行为理论出发,本文认为超常搭配是一种间接言语行为,听者必须从字面意义中探索话语意义;从格赖斯的合作原则出发,我们认为超常搭配是违反合作原则四准则而产生的一种特殊的会话含义。

The thesis takes Martin Luther King＇s famous ＂I Have a Dream＂spoeeh as an example and talks about innovative collocations in the speech from the perspective of pragmatics. Two pragmatic theories are employed to interpret innovative collocations in the speech, namely Speech Act Theory and Cooperative Principle. From the viewpoint of Speech Act Theory, the thesis takes innovative collocations as indirect speech acts and points out that hearers could get the utterance meaning from .the literal meaning of an utterance. From the point of Griee＇s Cooperative Principle, we consider innovative collocations as a special conversational implicature which is caused by the violation of one or more maxims of the Cooperative Principle.