光谱和光强度对龟纹瓢虫成虫趋光行为的影响

Effect of spectral sensitivity and intensity response on the phototaxis of Propylea japonica(Thunberg)

利用行为学方法研究了光谱、光强对龟纹瓢虫Propylea japonica(Thunberg)成虫的趋、避光行为的影响。结果显示:(1)在340～605nm波谱内其光谱趋光行为反应为多峰型,峰间主次不明显,紫外340nm处峰最高,趋光反应率达21%,其它各峰依大小次序分别位于绿光524nm、蓝光400～440nm和483nm处;(2)随光强增强其趋光反应率增大,白光和483nm刺激时其光强趋光行为反应呈一倒"L"型式样,524nm时呈一阶梯型,340nm时为一较平直的线型;光强最弱时仍均有一定趋光率,最强时均未出现高端平台;(3)性别对其光谱和光强度行为反应均有一定影响,但影响不大;(4)龟纹瓢虫无明显的避光反应,其避光行为可能是趋光行为衍生或其随机活动造成。结果表明:光谱对其趋光行为有一定影响,光强度的影响较大且其影响大小与波长因素有关;其复眼可感受的光强范围更宽。

The phototaxis behavior of Propylea japonica （Thunberg）response to spectral sensitivity and light intensity were investigated. The results were as follows ： （ 1 ） The spectral sensitivity response at 14 monochromatic light selected through 340nm to 605nm occurred in curve with multiple peaks, the primary peak in 340nm （ultra-violet） is the highest response rate of phototaxis （21%）, the secondary in 524nm （green）, and the rest in 400 --440nm and 483nm in order; （2） The response rate of phototaxis is increasing as the relative intensity of light, it is showed as curves with inverse ＂L＂ shape in white light and the monochromatic light of 483nm, as an upward ladder at 524nm and a near straight line at 340nm. However, the response rate could be detected at the lowest intensity and not arrived to the summit at the strongest yet ; （3） The effect of sex to response to the spectral sensitivity and intensity is not significant; （4） There was not significant photophobism response to light for the ladybird, the behavior probably derived from phototaxis or partly due to random movements. It can be concluded that both the spectrum and intensity of light stimulus gave rise to the phototaxis of P. japonica, it seemed to play a more important role that the light intensity than spectrum, but the effect level was also involved with wavelengths. Moreover, a broader range of light intensity could be perceived by the ladybird compound eye.