沥青及沥青混凝土阻燃性能测试与评价

Flame-retardant Properties Evaluation and Test Measures of Asphalt and Asphalt Mixture

概述了沥青和沥青混合料阻燃性能的测试和评价方法。沥青阻燃性能的测试评价方法主要为:氧指数试验法、水平及垂直燃烧测定法、锥形(Cone)量热仪法、熔融流淌时间和耐烧穿时间测定法、烟密度试验法、标准火灾房法、烟气毒性法、ASTME-108法等。其中,对沥青路面阻燃性能的评价多采用氧指数试验法。沥青混合料阻燃性能的测试评价方法主要为:燃烧对路用性能影响的评价方法、燃烧深度的评价方法等。分析了每种测试评价方法的适用范围。通过对比分析得出,沥青结合料是影响隧道沥青混凝土路面阻燃性能的主要因素,但沥青混合料的级配类型、配合比也是影响隧道沥青混凝土路面阻燃性能的重要因素。因此,隧道沥青混凝土路面的阻燃性能测试评价除了对沥青结合料的阻燃性能进行测试评价外,还应对沥青混合料的阻燃性能进行测试评价。

Flame-retardant properties evaluation and test measures of asphalt and asphalt mixture are summarized. To asphalt, flarne-retardant properties evaluation and test measures include oxygen index test, horizontal and vertical combustion method, cone calorimeter method, melt flow time and burning through method, smoke density test method, standard fire housing method, smoke toxicity method and ASTM E-108 method, etc. However, the flame-retardant properties test and evaluation of asphalt pavement concentrates mainly on oxygen index test. Flame-retardant properties evaluation and test measures of asphalt mixture include the effects of combustion on the pavement performance, and the measurement of burn depth. The scope of application of each test and evaluation method is analyzed. By comparison and analysis, it is concluded that not only asphalt binder but also gradation type and composition of asphalt mixture is the main factors affecting fire-retardant properties properties of tunnel asphalt concrete pavement. Therefore, the flame-retardant properties evaluation and test of tunnel asphalt pavement should not only concentrate on asphalt binder, but also aim at asphalt mixture.