二甲基甲酰胺对作业工人健康影响的调查研究

Investigation on the Health Effects of Dimethylformamide

目的探讨二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)职业接触对工人肝脏、心脏的影响。方法根据职业接触DMF状况和作业场所空气监测数据,将某合成革企业573名男性职工分为3组,分别为对照组、低浓度接触组和高浓度接触组,进行问卷调查和肝功能常规检查;同时,从接触组抽取63人进行心肌酶谱检测,对结果进行分析。结果高浓度接触组丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、总胆红素水平及心电图异常率明显高于低浓度组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心电图异常组肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论长期暴露于DMF不仅可对工人肝脏造成损伤,而且会导致心肌损伤。

Objective To investigate the effects of N, N-dimethylformamide （DMF） on workers＇ liver and heart. Methods A total of 573 male workers of a synthetic leather factory were divided into three groups （the control group, low concentration group and high concentration group） according to the concentrations of DMF in their working environment measured in past three years. All subjects were conducted with questionnaires and their liver function tested. Meanwhile, 63 workers from exposed groups were chosen to have myocardial enzymes test. Results The levers of ALT, total bilirubin and the abnormal rate of electrocardiograph （ECG） of workers exposed to high concentration DMF were significantly higher than those of other two groups （P〈0.05）. Moreover, the average lever of CK-MB of the members with abnormal ECG was significantly higher （F= 4. 485, P〈0. 015）. Conclusions Long-term exposure to DMF could not only cause liver dysfunction, but also cause myocardial damage.