番茄雄性不育系JL-2小孢子发育的细胞学观察

Cytological Observasion on Microsporogenesis of the Male Sterile of Tomato

从细胞学角度研究番茄雄性不育系JL-2和可育材料小孢子的发育机理,进而研究雄性不育JL-2番茄败育的细胞学机理。结果表明:可育番茄小孢子发育主要包括小孢子母细胞时期、四分体时期、单核小孢子时期和成熟花粉粒时期,期间小孢子发育靠绒毡层不断自我解体而提供营养。番茄雄性不育系JL-2小孢子败育发生在小孢子母细胞时期、四分体时期以及单核小孢子时期。败育原因为绒毡层细胞发育异常,具体表现为在小孢子发育期间绒毡层细胞提前液泡化,不能正常提供营养物质给小孢子,在四分体期和单核小孢子期,绒毡层高度液泡化,径向膨大,挤压小孢子母细胞,从而使小孢子母细胞不能正常发育而导致花粉畸形而败育。

In this experiment, the abortion mechanism of tomato male sterility microspore was studied from the cytology. The material was tomato male sterility JL-2 and the control material was QIANXI, through the paraffin section, the results were observed by the ZEISS microscope： the fertility tomato microspore growth process occurred in the microspore mother cell, the tetrads, the uninucleate microspor and adult mierodiode. The microspore growth depended on the nutrition of tapetal cells self-disintegrating unceasingly. What the differention was, the sterile tomato microspore abortion occurred at the stage of microspore mother cell, etrads and uninu- cleate microspor. Mainly, because the tapetal cell growth is unusual, tapetal cell vacuolization ahead of schedule in the microspore growth period, connot provide the nutrient to microspore; In the tetrad time and the uninucleate microspore time, the tapetal cells vacuolization, the radial direction expanded higJLy, the microspore metrocyte was extruded, the microspore metrocyte cont grow normally resulted in the abortion.