公共管理论域中的公共性问题--语义分析基础上的哲学诠释

Issue of Publicity in Public Administration Research:Philosophical Interpretation Base on Semantic Analysis

迄今为止,公共管理研究对公共性的理解和诠释仍属于经验主义的现象描述,由此衍生出公共问题研究中过多的分歧和争议。语义分析对消解此类困难具有意义。借助语义分析,公共管理研究者可以将公共性研究中运演的语词和语词的对象、概念、客体、含义、指称以及表现对象和指称对象、概念词和专名区分开来,减少因语言使用和理解不当带来的成本和混乱。分析表明,公共性就其本质而言指谓的不是对象本身的存在性状或事实关系,而是对象对人的价值关系。说某一对象具有公共性,至少涉及两个或两个以上的利益主体,这些主体以指称对象为纽带形成一个利益共同体,在此共同体中,源自对象的影响或问题压力牵涉每一成员主体的切身利益,又超出单个成员主体愿意且能够消解的界限。公共性因此可界定为某一指称对象对特定利益共同体成员主体影响的个体超越性。

With the aid of semantic analysis,public administration researchers are able to separate words from their references,concepts from objects,concept-words from proper names,as well as to distinguish descriptive objects from nominatum and the sense of words from the reference of words in their publicity research,reducing the confusion and costs generated by the improper use and understanding of language.Analysis along this direction shows that publicity,in essence,is a kind of social or value attribute rather than natural or entity attribute;it reflects the interest relations among people.Publicity involves the interest relations of two or more interest subjects.These subjects,linked by public phenomenon,form an interest community in which problems derived from public phenomenon and their solution involve every subject's vital interests,but exceed the boundary of any single subject's will and ability.