美国对华反补贴中的价格比较基准问题研究

Price Comparison Benchmark in U.S. CVD Investigations against China

反补贴与反倾销相似,同样存在价格比较及其基准的确定问题。文章通过考察美国的反补贴立法和对华实践,试图揭示其对华反补贴价格比较基准的原则和方法。虽然美国反补贴法不同于反倾销法,未对"非市场经济"作特殊规定,但调查当局在反补贴立法和以往对市场经济国家实践的基础上,通过2006年以来的一系列对华案件,基本形成了一套基于外部基准的价格比较方法,用于度量中国政府向涉案企业提供产品、服务和要素(包括资金、土地)的补贴利益。

In countervailing-duty （CVD） investigation, just like anti-dumping investigation, there exists an issue of price comparison and benchmark selection. The paper, through the analysis of the regulations and practices of the U.S. CVD investigations, tries to discover its CVD principle and methodology for China. Different from its antidumping law, U.S. CVD law has no special rules for NMEs. But based on its CVD regulations, cases against market economies, and particularly the investigations against China since 2006, the U.S. authority has developed a set of price comparison methodology using external benchmark to measure the subsidy benefits of Chinese government＇s provision of commodity, service, loan, land or other inputs to the exporters under investigation.