晚清以来“女弹词”职业生涯的呈现及其意义

Emergence and Significance of the Female Storytellers' Career Since Late Qing Dynasty

晚清以来,女弹词经历了书寓女弹词、职业女弹词的前后更迭,身份也由高级妓女转变为职业女性,是江南社会历史变迁的产物和反映。拜师学艺预示着职业生涯的开始,只是书寓女弹词的师承限于同性之间,而职业女弹词逐渐打破了性别隔离。缘于两者身份特征的差异,书寓女弹词和职业女弹词的演艺生活体现出不同的时代特色。但不可否认的是,女弹词只是江南女性的一种身份标识,并非终身的。她们回归家庭、承担起女性传统的性别角色,预示着职业生涯的结束,也反映了晚清以来时人对女性性别角色期待的延续性。

The female storytelling to the accompaniment of stringed instruments had experienced a change from the shuyu female story - telling to that as a career since Late Qing Dynasty. Meanwhile, the female story - tellers experienced a change in their identity from high- class prostitutes to professional women, which was a product and reflection of the historical changes in Jiangnan district. To become a pupil to a master and learn a skill means the beginning of a career.. The master - pupil relationship between female story - tellers was confined to the same sex, while the storytelling by career females has broken sexual segre- gation. Because of the differences of their identities, the performing art lives of shuyu and career female storytellers reflected special characteristics of different times. However, the female storytelling was only the logo of one identity of women in Jiangnan, which was not lifelong. The logo of ending the career was returning home and assuming the classical roles of the gentle sex, which reflected the continuity of expectations of the gentle sex since the Late Qing Dynasty.