开发权交易、区域农田保护及其国际经验借鉴

Development Rights Trading and Regional Farmland Preservation: from International Experience

广东农田过度损失的根源在于征地的非公平补偿、对农田保持的激励缺位和对集体土地开发权的不当管制。美国的开发权交易政策能够保证农田业主获得公平补偿,因而能够缓解或避免农田开发。开发权交易工具包括开发权购买和开发权转让。广东可以借鉴美国的经验,对农田开发权施加明确的数量限制,并积极推动农田开发权交易。广东征地补偿标准要依据农田的开发权价值和农业用途价值确定。

The roots of excessive loss of farmland in Guangdong lie in the unfair compensation of land acquired by government, the lack of incentive for farmland retention, and the improper regulations on development rights of collective land. Development rights trading in the U.S. can guarantee fair compensations to land owners. Therefore, it can mitigate or eliminate land development in preservation areas. Tools of development rights trading include purchase of development rights （PDR） and transfer of development rights （TDR）. Guangdong should learn from the U.S. experiences, to impose explicitly quantitative restriction on development rights of farmland, and to aggressively promote development rights trading of farmland. The compensation of acquired land in Guangdong ought to be determined by the value of development rights plus agriculture use of farmland.