从哈贝马斯到霍耐特--批判理论的现代转型

The Modern Transformation of the Critical Theory——from Juergen Habermas to Axel Honneth

促成法兰克福学派批判理论出现的是马克思主义的资本主义批判在20世纪初德国知识界引发的一种现代性批判。由于深刻揭示了资本主义社会变迁不可避免地带有反人性的一面并对之批判,批判理论才在直到20世纪60年代末的几十年时间里产生了世界范围内的广泛影响。70年代以来,西方社会开始关注医治现代化的社会和心理病症、调和社会冲突。由此,批判理论看到,社会的症结已经开始由对人性的肢解向间际交往的失落转变,正是通过对交往理性和主体间际关系的看重,批判理论实现了现代转型。

The critical theory of the Frankfurt school is trigged by a modern critical research arose by the German intellectual circle in early 20th century.The critical theory had a global massive influence for decades since the late 60s last century since it sharply revealed the anti-humanity nature and put a critical research on the development of the capitalism society.The western society started to focus on the modern social and psychological illnesses and to smooth the social conflicts in the late 1970s,thus became the turn from the critique of Capitalism to the consideration on the problem of communication reason and the inter-subject.