面神经耳支的解剖及应用研究

Anatomy and clinical application of the posterior auricular nerve

目的:探讨面神经耳支治疗面神经瘫痪的可能性。方法:对7具(14侧)尸头标本,进行局部解剖。临床运用含面神经耳支的枕肌复合筋膜瓣矫治面瘫患者1例。结果:面神经耳支以单支形式,在茎乳窝起自面神经干,向上行于耳后乳突沟,穿耳后肌后,向后上行于枕肌下缘,其分支分布于枕肌、耳后肌。临床效果满意。结论:面神经耳支的出现与行程均恒定,可以考虑用于面瘫治疗。

Objective： To explore the feasibility of treating facial paralysis by transplanting the posterior auricular nerve. Methods： 7 adult head of cadaveric specimens （14 sides） were underwent dissection of the posterior auricular nerve. We transferred the occipitoaponeurotic flap pedicled with auricular branch of facial nerve for facial sling to repair partial facial paralysis. Results： The facial nerve gave off the posterior auricular nerve, which presented in single branch behind the ear and passed upward to supply the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle of the scalp and the posterior auricular muscle of the ear, at the stylomastoid foramen. Furthermore, the patient who suffered from partial facial paralysis was satisfied with the postoperative results. Conclusions： Based on the results of our study, the posterior auricular nerve has little variation, and the use of the posterior auricular nerve may be considered for treating facial paralysis.