中国蚜虫类昆虫物种多样性与分布特点(半翅目,蚜总科)

THE SPECIES DIVERSITY AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF APHIDS IN CHINA(HEMIPTERA,APHIDOIDEA)

研究了蚜虫类昆虫在中国的物种多样性、区系成分和分布特点。基于多年的标本采集记录和已发表文献,建立了中国蚜虫物种数据库和中国蚜虫地理分布数据库。应用GIS的空间分析功能对中国蚜虫的地理分布和分布密度进行了分析。结果表明中国记录蚜虫类昆虫268属1099种/亚种,其中特有种518种,占中国蚜虫物种总数的47.1%。中国蚜虫的区系成分十分复杂,主要分为9种类型,其中以典型古北种、典型东洋种、跨古北界和东洋界分布的物种为主,同时与新北界、澳洲界的关系也较为密切。在自然地理区划上,蚜虫在中国东部地区的分布多于西部地区,中部地区多于南北两端。基于物种多样性和分布密度,确定了蚜虫在中国的5个多样性中心,即甘南山地、横断山区、天山山地、东部平原和台湾岛。

This paper discusses the species diversity, fauna elements and geographical distribution of aphids in Qaina. Based on the species database and geographical distribution database of Chinese aphids, we analyzed the geographical distribution and density distribution of Chinese aphids using GIS software ArcView 3.2. The results indicate the Chinese aphids are represented by 1099 species / subspecies in 268 known genera. Among them, there are 518 endemic species / subspecies which account for 47.1 percent of the total species. The fauna elements of Chinese aphids are extremely complex, induding 9 main types, typical Palaearcfic, typical Oriental and Palaearctic-Oriental elements are the dominant types, and are closely related with Nearctic and Australian elements. In China, there are more aphid species in the eastern part of China tban in the west,more aphid species in the centre of China than in the north and south, and 5 diversity centers of aphids in China are known： 1 ） Gannan Mountains on the northeast edge of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; 2） Hengduan Mountains on the southeast edge of （Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; 3） Tianshan Mountains; 4） The plains in the east part of China; 5） Taiwan Island.