温室环境控制与温室模拟模型研究现状分析

Review on Environmental Control and Simulation Models for Greenhouses

综述了温室环境控制系统、控制策略及环境模拟等研究领域的发展状况。目前温室环境主要采用多处理器的分布式控制系统,控制器以结构通用、价格便宜的单片机为主,也可应用工业控制器,但工业控制器的价格较高。环境控制的研究重点是控制系统的智能化和信号传输的无线化,无线传输适合温室特点,为现场布线及后期维护带来方便。通过模拟模型可以了解结构特征、气象条件及作物生长等对温室环境的影响。综合考虑环境因子、作物生长及经济性的三级模型尚难以达到,目前主要还是采用分段式控制和人工设定相结合的方法。不必过分强调后级控制的精度,应结合作物生长模型进行环境优化调控并注意温室生产的经济性,加强控制理论与温室生产过程的结合。

From the view of practice and applicatton, the sttuatton of research and development for environmental control and simulation models of greenhouse were described. The multiple processor distributed control systems are widely used for greenhouse environment, and the single chip processors with the universal structure and low price are mainly used as the controller of the systems. The IPC （industrial personal computer） can also be used as the controller but its price is relatively expensive. The intellectualization of the control systems and the signal wireless transmission are significant trend for the environmental control of the greenhouse, and the wireless transmission is more suitable for greenhouse characteristics. It should be considered to integrate environmental control with crop growth models and greenhouse production economy （benefits）, but it＇s difficult to do at present. The simulation models can help to know better about the effect factors on greenhouse environment. It＇ s not necessary to over emphasize the precision of rare level control system.