美国“冷战”政策与日苏领土问题的形成

The US Cold War Policy and the Formation of the Japan-Soviet Union Territory Dispute

战后日苏领土问题的形成,与美国"冷战"政策有密切关系。美国因"冷战"政策而转变对《雅尔塔协定》的态度,使苏联获得有关领土的法律依据缺少说服力,同时也给日本收回领土提供了口实;美国主导的《旧金山对日媾和条约》要求日本放弃有关领土,但又不规定其最终归属对象;美国对日苏两国恢复邦交正常化谈判的干涉,表面上支持日本方面主张,实质上阻止日本方面妥协而使领土问题成为遗留问题。美国国际"冷战"政策是造成战后日苏及日俄领土问题形成最重要的外来因素。

The formation of the Japan - Soviet Union Territory dispute after World War Ⅱ was bounded up with the US Cold War policy, which had changed the US＇s attitude towards the Yalta Agreement and contributed to the demand of taking back the territory of Japan while weakened the Soviet Union＇s legislative authority of the territory. The US- dominated San Francisco Treaty of Peace requested Japan＇ s abnegation of the territory, and had left an adscription issue behind. The US superficially supported Japan, but facilitated the formation of the adscription issue essentially. Consequently, the US Cold War policy was one of the most important external factors that engendered the Japan- Soviet Union/Japan- Russia territory dispute.