辽东山区主要森林类型林地土壤涵蓄水性能的研究

Water conservaion capacities of soils with major forest types in mountainous regions of east Liaoning Province.

从森林涵养水源的角度，对辽宁省东部山区相同年龄的５种主要森林类型林地土壤的涵蓄水性能进行了研究．结果表明，各森林类型林地枯落物贮量为１０．８７～１８．６７ｔ·ｈｍ－２，针叶林下枯落物贮量大于阔叶林；枯落物的蓄水量为３７．１１～５７．６５ｔ·ｈｍ－２，枯落物蓄水量与枯落物贮量成正比；各森林类型林地表层５０ｃｍ土壤的涵蓄水量在８１７．７～９３７．６ｔ·ｈｍ－２；天然柞树林下的土壤具有最好的渗透性和最高的蓄水力，其次为阔叶混交林、红松人工林、落叶松人工林和油松林人工林．天然阔叶林较人工针叶林具有更好的涵养水源性能．

With the concerns of water conservation by forest, soils with same aged five forest types in mountainous regions of east Liaoning were selected to test their water holding capacity. The storage of litter under these forests ranged from 10.87 to 18.67t·hm -2 , which was greater in coniferous than in broad leaved forest. The amount of water holding by litter was 37.11～ 57.65 t·hm -2 , and had a positive relationship with the storage of litter. The water storage of all forest soils within the depth of 50cm was 817.7～937.6t·hm -2 . Natural Mongoilan oak forest soil had the best infiltration rate and the highest water conservation, followed by soils with broad leaved mixed forest, Korean pine plantation, Changbai larch plantation and Chinese pine plantation. In general, natural broad leaved forests had a higher water conservation than coniferous plantations.