越南留学生习得普通话塞音和塞擦音实验研究

An Experimental Study on the Acquisition of Stops and Affricates in Chinese by Vietnamese Learners

越南留学生在习得汉语普通话塞音、塞擦音时总是存在一些突出问题。通过统计对比发现,越南留学生的送气音和不送气音的VOT和送气时长大多都比汉语母语发音人短,不送气音和送气音区分度不高,在声韵格局上也不太合理。针对学习者存在的偏误,建议教师采取紧抓音素教学不放松、让学习者对母语与普通话音系进行比较、语音教学坚持"输入""输出"同步、重点强调"送气""不送气"的对立、提高学生语速等方法,以有效提高越南留学生汉语普通话学习效果。

When Vietnamese learners try to acquire stops and affricates in Chinese, there are always some prominent troubles. We find that much more VOT, length of aspirates and unaspirates pronounced by the Vietnamese learners is obviously shorter than that of the Chinese, the difference level of the aspirates and unaspirates pronounced by the Vietnamese learners is low. Meanwhile, the initial - finial pattern is not so appropriate. The article also provides some teaching suggestions on how to teach the Vietnamese learners to pronounce the stops and affricates of standard Chinese.