金属球壳在激光辐照下热效应的数值计算

Numerical calculation of thermal effect on metal spherical shell irradiated by laser

利用有限元法对金属球壳在恒定功率密度激光辐照下的热效应进行了数值计算,分析了在激光辐照过程中,金属球壳内外壁的温升、温差的变化规律,并主要以铜、铝材料为例,比较了铜、铝球壳在激光辐照下的温度变化和外壁温度响应情况。数值计算结果表明,激光辐照期间,在经过热响应的过渡过程后,金属球壳内、外壁的升温率几乎为常量,内外壁温差基本保持恒定值;对于壁厚在0.004～0.02 m范围内的铜、铝球壳,激光辐照停止后,内外壁热平衡过程在几十ms到1 s的时间内结束。

The thermal effect of metal spherical shell irradiated by invariable power density laser was calculated using finite element method. The variety rule for temperature rise and temperature difference of inwall and outerwall was analyzed, also the metals of copper and aluminum were taken for example, and the temperature variety and response time of the copper spherical shell irradiated by laser were compared with the aluminum spherical shell. The results indicate that, when the transitional process finishes, the temperature rising speed of inwall and outerwall is almost a constant, and the temperature difference of inwall and outerwall keeps constant during laser irradiation. When the laser irradiation stops, the heat balance process between inwall and outerwall will be done within tens of milliseconds to one second for the copper ahd aluminum spherical shell with thickness from 0.004 m to 0.02 m.