列宁与葛兰西意识形态论比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Ideology between Lenin's and Antonio Gramsci's

本文中的意识形态论研究包括意识形态的概念界定、意识形态的形成路径和意识形态的制度建设等三个维度。在这三个方面,列宁和葛兰西分别提出了具有重要学理影响和实际意义的系列观点和见解。比较而言,列宁和葛兰西都把意识形态视为一种上层建筑,都认为意识形态的形成是建立在一定经济基础之上的、需要知识分子参与的一个动态过程,都强调宣传和教育是意识形态制度建设的主要手段,但在具体论述上层建筑的构成、意识形态理论的分层、知识分子的历史作用以及宣传教育的具体方法时,他们却分别得出了不同的见解。对这些异同点进行比较研究,是本文的主要任务。

This paper conducts a study on three aspects of ideological theory, that is, how to define an ideology, how to form an ideology, and how to construct an ideology. In these three aspects, Lenin and Antonio Gramsci set forth a series of views that have an important theoretical and practical significance. Although they had some common views, such as, that ideology is a kind of superstructure; that based on a given economic base, the formation of ideology requires intellectuaFs participation; and that propaganda and education are the main means for constructing ideology. Lenin and Antonio Gramsci had some different views in the composition of superstructure; the level of ideological theory; the historical role of intellectual; and the specific method of propaganda and education. This paper focuses on comparing these similarities and differences.