以拉康主义精神分析话语模式解读鲁迅小说《祝福》中的言语行为

On Speech Acts in Luxun's Novel Zhu Fu through Lacan's Psychoanalytic Discourse Mode

鲁迅小说的语言风格如同他的杂文,讽刺犀利,批判深刻,蕴涵丰富的思想,复杂的精神。拉康主义精神分析则继承了弗洛伊德学说并重点在语言学层面上大加发扬,拉康将主体的语言分为主人话语、大学话语、歇斯底里话语和分析者话语四种,论述了主体作为社会的存在以及自我的存在的悖论。以拉康主义的精神分析话语模式来解读鲁迅小说《祝福》,可以更加清晰地理解封建社会对于女性的压迫以及女性存在的虚无性,同时也能为洞悉鲁迅小说中的言语行为挑明征兆。

The language style in Luxun＇ s novels is the same as that in his essays, irony and sharp, deeply critical, full of rich thoughts and complex spirits. Lacan＇ s psychoanalysis following Freud＇s doctrine put stress on linguistics. Lacan divided the subject language into four types： master discourse, college discourse, hysteria discourse, analyst discourse, discussing the paradox of the subject being social existence and self-existence. Use of his psychoanalytical discourse mode in analyzing luxun＇s novel Zhu Fu enables us to understand women＇s oppression in the Feudal society and their existence and to know clearly speech acts of Luxun＇ s novels.