高频电刺激丘脑底核治疗帕金森病的实验研究

An experimental study on treatment of Parkinson's disease with high frequency stimulation to subthalamic nucleus in rats

目的验证高频电刺激丘脑底核治疗帕金森病的疗效及探讨其作用机理。方法应用６－羟基多巴胺（６－ＯＨＤＡ）制备偏侧帕金森病（ＰＤ）大鼠模型，丘脑底核区插入刺激电极进行高频刺激，观察ＰＤ大鼠旋转行为改善程度，检测纹状体多巴胺（ＤＡ）、兴奋性氨基酸即谷氨酸（Ｇｌｕ）和天门冬氨酸（Ａｓｐ）含量，并记录皮质和丘脑底核区脑电图改变情况。结果高频电刺激丘脑底核可使ＰＤ模型鼠旋转行为明显下降；刺激同侧纹状体，ＤＡ含量增加，Ｇｌｕ含量减少，Ａｓｐ含量无变化；脑电图示皮质兴奋性增强，丘脑底核区兴奋性却下降。结论本实验从理论上验证了丘脑底核在帕金森病运动症状调节中的重要作用，提示高频电刺激丘脑底核可能成为治疗帕金森病的最有效方法，并且其作用机理与刺激后ＤＡ、Ｇｌｕ。

Objective To evaluate the effect of high frequency stimulation on subthalamic nucleus(STN) and its mechanism. Methods A rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD) was induced by unilateral administration of 6 hydroxydopamine(6 OHDA) into right substantia nigra and the ventral tegmental area. After the high frequency stimulation of the STN, electroencephalograms (EEG) of the STN area and cerebral cortex were recorded, the rotation rate was measured as an index of behavior recovery, and the concentrations of DA, Glu and Asp were measured. Results After high frequency stimulation of the STN there was a partial reversal of rotational behavior of rat model and the EEG showed a decrease in excitation of the STN and an increase in activity of the cerebral cortex. After the stimulation, the DA content in the striatum of PD rats was increased ( P <0 01), however, the Glu content was reduced and Asp was not changed. Conclusions These results suggest that STN is related to the motor symptom of PD and high frequency stimulation of the STN may be the most effective method for the treatment of the PD, and its mechanism may be concerned with the changes of the Glu, Asp and DA.