异种脱蛋白松质骨复合自体MSCs横突间成骨融合的作用

Spinal fusion of lumbar intertransverse process in a goat by using tissue engineered bone with xenogeneic deproteinized bone as scaffold

[目的]探讨异种脱蛋白松质骨(deproteinization bone,DPB)作为骨组织工程支架性能及其成骨作用。[方法]采用脱蛋白法制备异种松质骨支架,复合一定数量的自体骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)构建个体化组织工程骨。24只6～8个月龄雄性青山羊为受体制作脊柱L3、4横突间植骨模型。实验根据不同植入物分为3组:异种DPB复合一定数量的自体MSCs构建组织工程骨;单纯DPB;自体髂骨。各时间段通过手检、影像学、组织学以及机械性能测试并对比分析来评价其成骨性能。[结果]异种DPB保持了天然网架结构,与山羊MSCs具有良好的生物相容性。各组材料脊柱横突间融合情况:组织工程骨植入横突间组织学表现为多点成骨,融合效果良好,不同时间段影像学与自体髂骨组基本一致。单纯DPB植入组随时间推移大部材料吸收,仅桥接骨床部有少量骨痂生成。12周后各组融合强度组织工程骨组优于单纯DPB组而接近自体髂骨组。[结论]以异种DPB为支架复合一定数量自体MSCs构建组织工程骨,其成骨能力接近于自体骨。单纯DPB成骨能力差,不能作为骨移植材料。

[ Objective] To study the properties of xenogeneic deproteinized bone （DPB） used as scaffold in the bone tissue engineering and its application to the spinal fusion of the lumbar intertransverse process in a goat. [ Methods] The deproteinized bone was derived from an adult pig femoral cancellous bone through physical and chemical treatments. The cell - material complex was observed under the inverted phase contrast microscope to evaluate the adhesion and the growth of the osteoblasts. The experimental model of the spinal fusion in the lumbar intertransverse process was produced in 24 male goats aged 6 - 8 months, which were divided into 3 groups according to different implant graft. All the samples were harvested at 4, 8, 12 weeks postoperatively, and a series of examinations were performed, including the radiography and the histomorphological assay. [ Resuits] It showed that The DPB maintained natural pore network system, it hardly had any antigen, so it had good histocompatibility. In the spinal fusion model of lumbar intertransverse process, the cell - material complex could form cartilage and had a new bone formation in a multipoint way, the osteogenic process was almost the same as the auto - ilium osteogenesis and had a good mechanical strength. [ Conclusion ] The xenogeneic deproteinized bone is a good material in the bone tissue engineering, which can be used as an osteogenesis scaffold and provides a stable fusion.