南水北调西线一期工程调水区生态环境质量遥感分析与综合评价

Natural Eco-environment Comprehensive Assessment by Remote Sensing Technology in West Route Area of South-West Line Project

南水北调西线工程,是从长江上游干支流调水入黄河上游的跨流域调水重大工程,对解决黄河水资源短缺有着重大意义,但是在调水工程实施前,对调水区生态环境质量进行客观评价是很有必要的。在大量的野外调查和室内综合分析的基础上,对南水北调西线调水区域的生态环境进行了评价。主要利用现代遥感技术和地理信息系统分析方法,在地学综合思想和生态系统理论的指导下,提取了研究区影响环境质量的6个因子图层数据,叠加形成一个综合环境指数图层数据,对其等间距划分成4个环境分区。各综合自然环境指数的空间分析结果表明,综合自然环境指数一级和二级区具有较好的自然环境条件,集中分布在研究区的东部,约占研究区面积的50%;三级区是自然环境比较敏感的地区,主要分布在调水区域的西部高原丘陵上;四级区是自然环境比较脆弱、恶劣的区域,主要分布在调水区域的高寒山原地带。所以,一级和二级区的自然环境具有一定的抗干扰能力,在适当的环境保护措施下,可以进行一定规模的工程建设;三级区进行工程建设时,必须特别注意对自然环境的各项保护措施,加大环境保护的力度及投入;四级区上进行工程建设会造成较大的环境破坏,不宜进行工程建设。

South-West Line project is major inter-basin water transfer project diverting water from main stream and branch of the Yangtze River upstream into the Yellow River upstream,and it is great significance to solve shortage of the Yellow River Water Resources.But prior to the implementation of the project,it is necessary to objective evaluate water diversion areas on the ecological environment quality.In this paper,based on a large number of field investigations and laboratory comprehensive analysis the eco-environment of west route diverting water region was evaluated.Throughout the course of the study mainly use modern remote sensing technology and geographic information system analysis methods,integrated thinking in geo-ecological system theory and under the guidance of the study area from the effects of environmental quality factor of the six layers of data,overlaid to form a comprehensive environment index layer data,its were divided into four regional environment.The Composite Index from the natural environment of space analysis showed that integrated the natural environment index Class 1 and Class 2 district have good natural conditions,concentrated in the eastern part of the study area,and account for research area 50%.Three areas are more sensitive natural areas,mainly located in the western part of the plateau region of diverting water;four areas are relatively fragile natural environment,the poor regions,mainly located in the high-cold region of water diversion zone.Therefore,the Class 1 and Class 2 district have some of the natural environment of anti-jamming capabilities,in the appropriate environmental protection measures,can be a certain scale of the project;three district works,we must pay special attention to all of the natural environment the protection measures,intensify environmental protection efforts and input on the four areas of the building will cause greater damage to the environment,it is not appropriate to carry out the works building.