精神分裂症79例自杀相关因素分析

Analysis of Related Factors of 79 Cases of Schizophrenia

目的探讨精神分裂症患者自杀原因和预防措施。方法对79例有自杀行为符合CCMD-3精神分裂症诊断标准患者的一般资料和相关因素进行分析。结果精神分裂症患者的自杀行为多发生在病程的前几年,男女差别不大,文化程度低的自杀率高,自缢、服毒占多数,自杀原因多与疾病缓解期自知力恢复后对前途悲观、亲人不关心、受人歧视(共29例)以及受精神症状支配导致自杀(21例)有关。另外,患者由于重大生活事件(10例)和不能耐受抗精神病药物不良反应(9例),因长期不能出院(3例)也是自杀的重要原因,及不明原因(7例)。结论对精神分裂症患者要评估自杀风险,甄别出自杀意向,及时进行医学和社会干预有重要的临床价值和社会价值。

[ Objective] To investigate the causes and preventive measures of suicide. [ Methods] The data and related factors of 79 suicides of schizophrenic individuals based on CCMD-3 criteria were analyzed. [ Results] Most of the schizophrenic individuals committed suicide at the first few years of the course of diseases. There was no significant difference between genders. The frequency of suicide was higher in the group with lower standard of education, most of them committed suicide by hanging and poisoning, the reasons for suicide were pessimistic about the future, indifference from family, discrimination from others （29 cases） , and the control of psychiatric symptom （21 cases} at the period of relief when their insight had recovered. Besides, patients can not endure the side effect of antipsychotic, also a significant factor. The other reasons were long-term hospitalization （ 3cases ） and unknown causes （7eases）. [ Conclusion] The suicide risk should be estimated, and the suicide intent should be identified for the schizophrenic individuals who commit suicide, timely medical and social intervention may have significant value in therapy and society