黑龙江省纤维用材林发展策略

Development Strategies and Countermeasures of Industrial Fiber Plantation in Heilongjiang Province

针对黑龙江省制浆造纸工业和人造板业现状和需求,详细分析纤维用材林发展存在的问题,提出纤维用材林的主要发展途径:①以黑龙江省乡土速生树种为材料,以纤维用材为目标,采用常规育种技术与现代诱变育种和生物技术相结合的方法,选出优质、速生、稳定、多抗及高效的纤维用材林新品种;②立地控制,适地适树,是发展工业纤维林的基本条件;③从遗传育种、生长环境、营林措施对立木的成长和材质的变异影响,采取科学的集约经营,改善林木的材质,达到木材的高效利用的目的;④针对适宜林地缺乏的现状,采用多种途径营建纤维原料林;⑤从明确产权、明确经营主体的角度,增强责任感,提高木材利用率;⑥从森林资源培育开始,到终端产品为止,形成一个平衡、稳定、协调及优化的产业链,探索林、纸、板一体化的发展途径,建立相对稳定的大规模造纸和人造板工业原料基地。

Based on the current situation and demand of pulp and paper industry as well as artificial board industry in Heilongiiang Province, the existed problems of the development of fiber plantation in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed in detail. In addition, the main development approaches of fiber plantation in Heilongjiang Province were proposed as followed： （1） Aiming at fiber timber and adopting combined technology of traditional breeding, modern mutation breeding and biotechnology, high-quality, fast-growing, stable, multi-resisting and high-efficient new varieties of fiber trees were selected by taking local indigenous fast- growing tree species as the matrix; （2） The strategies of site control and matching species with the site were implemented; （3） The quality of timber was improved, timber utilization efficiency by promoting genetics and breeding was enhanced, and growth environment and forest management and by popularizing intensive administration was stressed; （4） Various ways for establishing fi- ber plantation were sought to overcome the difficulty of lack of suitable forest land; （5） The ownership was clearly defined, and the management bodies were determined so as to enhance timber utilization efficiency; （6） A balanced, stable, harmonious and optimized industry chain from forest cultivation to end products was formed, the integrated development of plantation, paper and board was explored, and the relatively stable large-scaled raw material base for paper and artificial boards was established.