重庆开县育龄妇女及早中期孕妇贫血及铁储存状况调查

Condition of anemia and Iron storage in premenopausal nonpregnant women and first to second trimester pregnant women in Kai County Chongqing China

目的:调查重庆开县育龄妇女及早中期孕妇贫血及铁储存情况。方法:分层抽取236名育龄妇女及127名早中期孕妇。取静脉血测血红蛋白(Hemoglobin,Hb)(氰化高铁法)、血清铁蛋白(Serum ferritin,SF)(酶联免疫定量检测法)和血清可溶性转铁蛋白受体(Serum transferring receptor,STfR)(微粒子增强透射免疫比浊法)。结果:育龄妇女贫血患病率分别为32.63%,轻度贫血占98.71%。早中期孕妇贫血患病率为42.52%,轻度贫血占87.10%。育龄妇女和早中期孕妇铁减少患病率分别为16.11%和24.41%,组间差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.70,P>0.05)。孕早期组和孕中期组铁减少患病率分别为14.29%和33.81%,孕中期组显著高于孕早期组(χ2=6.33,P<0.05)。贫血患者中SF异常的比例达34.26%,而STfR异常的比例仅14.82%。与育龄妇女组相比,早中期孕妇组Hb显著降低。与孕早期组相比,孕中期组Hb、SF显著降低,STfR显著增高(P<0.05)。结论:开县育龄妇女与孕妇贫血患病率较高,以轻度贫血为主;当地可能存在其他引起贫血的原因;随妊娠进展,铁储存减少。

Objective： To better understand the condition of anemia and iron storage in premenopausal nonpregnant women and first to second trimester pregnant women in Kai County Chongqing China. Methods： A cluster sampling trial was conducted to select 236 premenopausal nonpregnant women and 127 first to second trimester pregnant women. Blood was drawn for Hb （cyanmethemo-globin assay）, SF （Enzyme-linked Immunosorbentassay） and STIR （immunoturbidimetry）. Results： The prevalence rate （PR） of anemia in nonpregnant group was 32.63 %, among which 98.71% was mild anemia. The PR of anemia in first to second trimester pregnant group was 42.52%, among which 87.10% was mild anemia. The PR of iron deficiency （ID） was 16.11% in nonpregnant group, while 24.41% in first to second trimester pregnant group, which showed no difference between the two groups（X^2=3.70, P〉0.05）. The prevalence rates of ID in first trimester group and second trimester group were 14.29% and 33.81%, respectively, showing significantly higher rate in the latter group （X^2=6.33 ,P〈0.05）. Among the anemic subjects, 34.26% subjects had their SF lower than normal level,while 14.82% subjects had their STIR higher than normal value. Hb was remarkable lower in first to second trimester group than in nonpregnant group （P〈0.05）. Hb, SF were remarkably decreased while STIR was significantly increased in second trimester group, Compared with first trimester group （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： The PR of anemia was high in nonpregnant women and pregnant Women in Kai County,but the degree of anemia was mild. There are probably some other reasons to cause anemia in Kai County. With the development of pregnancy,the storage of iron tended to be lower.