安徽铁炉地区放射性污染调查分析及防治措施

Investigation methods and remediation measures of radioactive contamination in Tielu area of Anhui Province

对安徽东至县铁炉地区开展了放射性污染调查工作,并提出了防治方案和治理措施。其方法是采用6台FD-3013γ辐射仪、1台FD-3022四道γ谱仪和1台FD-3017氡射气仪对该地区进行大比例尺地面γ辐射剂量率、地面γ能谱、水中氡浓度等测量。获得了该地区γ辐射剂量率为0.11～4.38μGy/h;铀质量活度为123～1230Bq/kg,钍质量活度为21～411Bq/kg,钾质量活度为264～528Bq/kg;水中铀活度浓度为4～12300Bq/L,水中氡活度浓度为2～155Bq/L;剥露的岩矿、矿渣中铀质量活度为1230～151290Bq/kg,钍质量活度为25～411Bq/kg。该地区地面γ辐射剂量率、地层中铀、钍质量活度均高于安徽省平均值,而剥露的岩矿、矿渣中铀质量活度远大于地层中的铀质量活度,是该地区环境中最大的潜在污染源之一,并为此提出了4项治理措施。

The investigation of radioactive contamination is taken in Tielu area, Dongzhi County of Anhui Province, preventing and remediation measures are proposed. In the area, six FD-3013 gamma-ray radiometers, one FD-3022 four-channel gamma-ray spectrometer and one FD-3017 radon emanometer are used to perform the large-scaled ground gamma-ray radiation dose rate survey, ground gamma-ray energy spectrum analysis and measurement of radon concentration in water. It is shown that gamma-ray radiation dose rate is 0.11-4.38 μGy/h, mass activity of U is 123-1 230 Bq/kg,21-411 Bq/kg for Th, and 264-528 Bq/kg for K and the active concentration of U in water is 4-12 300 Bq/L, 2-155 Bq/L for Rn, the mass activity of U in denuded rocks and tailings is 1 230-151 290 Bq/kg and 25-411 Bq/kg for Th. The ground gamma-ray radiation dose rate and mass activity of U and Th in the area are higher than the mean values of Anhui Province, and the mass activity of U denuded rocks and tailings is much higher than that of the strata in the area. The denuded rocks and tailings are one of the biggest potential polluting sources to the environment. To reclaim this area, four remediation measures are proposed.