交通规划环评的影响识别及案例分析

How to Identify the Impact Factors of Environment Assessment on the Transportation Planning and Related Case Studies

公路主枢纽、港口、以及城市交通在规划前必须进行环境影响评价。在交通规划环评中,根据其影响性质及影响范围的不同,从而决定影响识别的内容及方法的不同。交通规划本身和规划实施过程中存在着很大的不确定性,交通规划促进了节点城市的经济发展,增加了就业机会,对社会和经济的发展总体上是有利的;但交通规划在自然生态系统和环境质量方面多为负面影响,尤其是在建设初期,但这类影响多是短期的,随着建设期的完工,逐渐会消失。因此,可以通过对交通规划方案的影响分析,识别出主要的环评影响,减缓或消除由于决策失误造成的环境影响,从交通规划源头控制环境问题的产生。

The environment assessment is a must before planning the main highway hubs, ports, transportation and urban areas. During the assessment, the content and method to identify the impaet factors are determined by the nature and scope of these impacts involved. Uncertainty is always embedded in transportation planning and implementation process. Transport planning promoted the connected city＇s economic development, increased the employment opportunities. Over all, transportation planning are the bene-ficial in the social and economic development. However, transportation planning are the negative impact in the natural ecosystems and enviromnental quality, especially in the early of construction. Normally, there will be negative impacts with short - term influence in the early stage. However, these impacts will disappear at the end of the construction process. Therefore, main factors influencing environment assessment can be identified through the impact analysis of transport planning, in order to decrease or eliminate impacts caused by a wrong decision. It is a best way to control the environmental problem from its source at the planning stage.