张士灌区多环芳烃污染土壤的植物修复

Phytoremediation of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated farmland soil in Zhangshi Wastewater Irrigation Area

以我国典型污灌区-沈阳张士污灌区某农田土壤为研究对象,进行了土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)污染物种类与含量的调查研究,分析了PAHs的主要来源。同时,以13种牧草/草坪草为供试植物,开展PAHs污染土壤高效修复植物的筛选工作,修复周期约为80d。研究结果表明,张士灌区农田土壤受到严重污染,从土壤中分析检测到USEPA16种PAHs中的13种,含量达2294μg·kg-1(干重),远高于荷兰农业土壤的PAHs标准。盆栽试验结果表明,不同植物对土壤中PAHs的去除效果不同,紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)、巴林(Poa pratensis L.)、高羊茅(Festuca elata Keng ex E.Alexeev)和白三叶草(Trrifolium repensL.)等植物对土壤中PAHs去除效果较好,适合用于张士灌区农田土壤的修复与治理。

In this study, a farmland soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in Shenyang Zhangshi Waste- water Irrigation Area, the typical Wastewater Irrigation Area of China was taken as the trial field. The PAH components and concentrations were analyzed, and the main sources of PAHs were discussed. Meanwhile, the PAH remediation plants with efficient removal capability were selected from 13 pasture and lawn grass by means of outdoor pot experiments. Results showed that the farmland soil had been seriously polluted by PAHs. 13 PAHs out of the 16 PAHs listed in the ＂blacklist＂ of United States Environmental Protection Agency （USEPA） were detected, and the total concentration of PAHs was 2294 μg·kg^-1, much higher than the relative soil standard in Netherlands. Alfalfa, rye grass, balin, tall fescue and white clover were better-performing than other plants for the remediation of PAH-contaminated soil, which were more suitable for the soil remediation of Zhangshi Wastewater Irrigation Area.