摘要
90Sr、137Cs在河流-沉积物体系的吸附规律及分配系数(Kd)是我国内陆核电厂选址和核环境安全管理的重要环节,放射性核素在河流-沉积物体系的吸附规律包括:①放射性核素在河流、沉积物中的浓度分布;②核素在河流-沉积物体系的分配系数;③多种因素对放射性核素在河流-沉积物中吸附规律的影响;④吸附机理、吸附动力学等的有关研究。介绍了国内外90Sr、137Cs在河流-沉积物体系的吸附规律研究进展及发展动态。20世纪80年代,国外已开展了90Sr、137Cs在河流-沉积物中吸附规律研究,20世纪90年代以来,90Sr、137Cs在河流-沉积物中吸附行为研究日益受到关注,研究内容主要集中在:①现场河流、沉积物中核素浓度调查;②现场及实验室Kd值测定;③各种因素对Kd值影响研究。目前,我国拟建内陆核电厂排放核素在河流生态系统的行为研究还未开展,其实验方法学、影响因素研究等仍是空白领域,建议尽快开展这方面的研究,为评估内陆核设施放射性排放对生态系统的影响研究提供科学依据。
Adsorption behavior and distribution coefficients （Kd） of ^90Sr,^137Cs in river sediment-water are important both for selecting the location of inland nuclear power plant and for achieving the safe management of nuclear environment. The main adsorption behaviors of radionuclides include ①Concentration distributions of radionuclides in sediments and river water. ②Kd values in sediment-water systems. ③ Influence effects of several factors on adsorption behavior. ④Mechanisms and dynamics of adsorption. The progress and trend in the research of adsorption behavior of ^90Sr,^137Cs in river sediment-water are introduced in the present paper. In the 1980＇s, studies on adsorption of ^90Sr,^137Cs in river have been carried out in foreign countries. Since the 1990＇s, increasing attention has been paid to the research of ^90Sr,^137Cs adsorption behavior in the river. The studies mainly focused on： ①Investigation of radionuclide concentrations in field. ②Determination of Kd values in Field and laboratory. ③Influence of different factors on Kd values. In China, There has not been literature on ecological research into radionuclides discharged by inland nuclear power plant, nor literature on the experimental methodology and the impact of factors yet. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research in this area as soon as possible, in order to provide scientific basis for ecological research of radionuclides discharged by inland nuclear power plant.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第2期756-760,共5页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
