中国的环境政策效应与污染治理效果分析

Analysis on the Effects of Environmental Policy andPollution Control in China

在简述环境政策和管理制度改革的基础上，对其产生的效应进行了分析，主要包括：经济改革促进了环境保护；环境保护新举措初见成效，但污染治理任务仍然十分艰巨．通过对各省区环境治理投资效果分析，提出未来环境政策和治理应该在以下几个方面加强：①重新设计环境影响评价和“三同时”制度，将它们与污染物总量控制战略结合起来．②改革排污收费制度，由超标收费向排污收费转变；由单一浓度收费向浓度与总量相结合转变；由单因子收费向多因子收费转变；由静态收费向动态收费转变．③高度重视乡镇企业的环境污染，着手研究和试行一套建立在自然资源和环境税完全货币化的基础上的管理制度．④加强对环境污染治理的投入，提高科技在环境治理中的作用，建立我国生态环境保护基金．

On the basis of brief introduction on environmental policy and the reform of managing regulations,their effects were analyzed in this paper,mainly including:(1)Economic reforms accelerated environmental protection;(2)The new environmental protection policy got some achievements,but the task of pollution control is still arduous.Through analysis on the results of environmental protection investments,following aspects should be emphasized in future environmental policy and protection,(1)Anew environmental impact assessment and three synchronizations programs,combine them with the strategies of total pollution control.(2)Reform the levy system,from exceeds standard charge to pollutant charge,from single density charge to combining with total amount charge,from single factor charge to multi factor charge,from static charge to dynamic charge.(3)Attach importance to the environmental pollution of countryside enterprises,begin to study and try out a managing regulation based on completely monetary policy of natural resources and environment.(4)Enhance the investments to environmental pollution control,heighten the function of science and technology in environmental pollution control,set up ecological and environmental protection foundation in China.