论地理科学与可持续发展

Geographical Science and Sustainable Development

钱学森在现代人类知识体系11个门类中,将地理科学归结为自然科学与社会科学之间的桥梁科学;在五大开放的复杂巨系统中,把地理系统排在星际系统和社会系统之间;在社会总体设计部下设四大建设中,将地理建设与政治文明、物质文明、精神文明建设并列.钱学森把地理学提升到为国民经济服务的地理科学,其目的是为了可操作的可持续发展的战略目标.在知识经济时代,可持续发展正成为地理科学发展的主流方向,地理科学与可持续发展之间具有极密切的关系.在可持续发展的视角下,现代地理科学呈现出综合化、整体化、系统化、技术化、社会化和可持续化的发展趋势,地理科学的发展必将开拓可持续发展研究的地理科学方向.

This paper introduces Qian Xuesen＇s view on geographical science. In modern human knowledge system which consists of eleven departments, Qian takes geographical science as ＂bridge science＂ or confluence science between natural science and social science. Among the five open complex giant systems, Qian put geographical system between the galaxy system and social system. In the system structure of socialism construction, which is proposed by Qian, he places geographical construction side by side with construction of political, spiritual and material civilization. Showing great foresight and highly mastering of Marxist philosophy of dialectical materialism Qian puts forward the idea that geographical science should be developed from the old discipline of geography so that it can serve the development of national economy well. It aims at the sustainable development. At the age of the intellectual economy, the sustainable development has become the principal aspect in geography studies. There is existing closely relation between geographical science and sustainable development. Under the view of sustainable development, geographical science takes on such tendencies as synthesization, integration, systematization, technologiation, socialization and sustainability.