广州市气溶胶中多环芳烃分布、季节性变化及来源判识指标

Distribution,seasonal change and source identifications of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aerosols from Guangzhou.

多环芳烃（ＰＡＨ）具致癌特性，研究气溶胶中的ＰＡＨ在不同功能区中的分布、变化及来源，具有重要意义。使用大流量总悬浮颗粒采样器，在广州市区５个代表性功能区采集季节性气溶胶样品共２５个。用ＧＣＦＩＤ、ＧＣＭＳＤ定量和半定量分析ＰＡＨ组份。研究区气溶胶中检测出２３种母核ＰＡＨ，５０多种烷基ＰＡＨ。优先控制的ＰＡＨ含量随功能区和季节而变化，其秋、夏季平均浓度具工业区＞商业区＞交通区＞化工区的分布特征，秋季优控ＰＡＨ浓度高于春、夏季。根据荧蒽／芘和间四联苯／荧蒽比值等指标判别，区内ＰＡＨ主要来源于油、煤类等燃料的不完全燃烧。

Twentyfive aerosol samples were collected from 5 representative function zones of Guangzhou in 3 seasons by using highvolume TSP samplers. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) fractions in aerosols were quantitatively and semiquantitatively analyzed by capillary columns GC/FID and GC/MSD. Twentythree kinds of parent PAH and more than 50 kinds of alkyl PAH were detected in the aerosols from this area. The study indicated that the concentrations of precedent controlled PAH (PCPAH) in aerosols were changed with function zones and the seasons. The average concentrations of PCPAH in industrial zone was higher than in commercial zone. This concentration in traffic zone was higher than in chemical industry zone and lower than in commercial zone. As season changes, the concentrations in aerosols in autumn were higher than in spring and in summer. The ratio of fluoranthene to pyrene and mquarterphenyl to fluoranthene could be used as identifications of sources and indicated that PAH in the study area was mainly from the uncompleted combustion of oil and coal.