中国降水酸沉降通量的空间特征

Saptial Distribution of Acid Deposition Flux of Precipitation in China

发展了降水酸沉降通量的概念，并在地理信息系统工具软件———ＡＲＣ／ＩＮＦＯ的支持下对中国降水酸沉降通量的分布进行了区域划分。结果表明，降水酸沉降通量的分布大致与降水酸度的分布一致，但有其自己的特点。华中和华南地区是降水酸沉降通量最大的地区。有机酸是降水中最重要的弱酸碱物质。在考虑它们的作用后，降水酸沉降通量增大。降水酸沉降通量的空间分布的估算是酸沉降引起的水体和土壤酸化研究的基础。

Acid deposition flux of precipitation was developed, and with the support of ARC/INFO, its spatial distribution was calculated on the basis of the spatial distribution of total acidity and annual precipitation amount. The results show that the distribution of acid deposition flux and acidity of precipitation are similar, and Middle China and South China receive the most acid import. Organic acids are the most important weak acid-base components in precipitation. According to the background concentration of organic acids in precipitaiton, their contribution to acid deposition flux was also calculated.