骨组织工程研究的新进展

Recent Advances in Tissue Engineering of Bone

组织工程是单用或将细胞、细胞因子和生物材料复合以后用于体内活组织再生和体外组织构建,其研究大致经历了以免疫缺陷动物和免疫系统健全动物为研究对象的阶段;以修复人类器官缺损为目的的探索阶段。近20年来,组织工程学在种子细胞、生物材料、组织构建等方面已取得颇多成果,时至今日,研发的部分骨组织工程产品已进入临床,它的出现大大减少了对患者的损伤及并发症,且不同程度地保证了自体骨植骨术的临床效果。本文对国内外骨组织工程基础研究和临床应用予以综述。

The principle of tissue engineering is to culture living seeding cells, growth factors and biomaterials to generate various tissues in vivo or in vitro. The development of tissue engineering research might be artificially divided into three stages, and studies were focused on various tissues engineered in vivo with immunodeficient animals as research objective in the first stage, the possibility of engineering tissue used in large immunocompetent animals in second stages, the possibility of engineering tissue in humans clinical application in the third stage. Tremendous progress has been achieved in the areas of seed cells,biomaterials,tissue construction and clinical trials of engineered tissues during the past 20 years. More importantly ,a few successful clinical trials of engineered bone provide a promising future for clinical application of engineered tissues.