棉花耐盐性及抗氧化性研究进展

Research Progress of Salt Tolerance and Antioxidation of Cotton

棉花(Gossypum hirsutum L.)具有一定的耐盐能力,但盐分过量会对棉花造成离子毒害、渗透胁迫和氧化危害。棉花能够通过调控Na+/H+反向转运蛋白将盐离子排出胞质或区隔在液泡内,以减轻离子毒害;还能通过调节渗透相关基因合成脯氨酸、甜菜碱等小分子物质及LEA保护蛋白来进行渗透保护调节。棉花通过抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环途径及提高体内超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶等的活性,清除活性氧物质。总结了棉花在耐盐和抗氧化机制方面的研究结果,探讨了棉花耐盐和抗氧化机制之间的相互关系,为提高棉花抗性水平的研究提供理论依据。

The cotton which has been placed in the moderate salt-tolerant group of plant species, has limited salt tolerance,but when the salt concentration was beyond the end of endurance , cotton would be damaged by ion toxicity, osmotic stress and oxidative stress. However, cotton has a series of strategy to response or mitigate the effect of NaCl under salt stress, the expression of genes related to the ion balance, osmo-regulation and antioxidation were actived or up-regulated. There were many correlation between the mechanism of salt tolerance and antioxidation which may share the same signal pathway, ABA and some other regulator. Some substances with double resistance to salt and oxidative stress should be further studied. Studies on the mechanisms of cotton （ Gossypum hirsutum L. ） resists salt and active oxygen species （AOS） were reviewed, thus , would be helpful to improve cotton resistance breeding combining with resistance mechanism studies, transgenic technology and the halophytes gene resources.