试论陈独秀的儒家观

Discourse on Chen Duxiu's view of Confucianism

20世纪初,随着西方思想的继续涌入,中西文化的冲突日益激烈。袁世凯称帝及康有为的《致总统总理书》激起了以西方思想为指导的知识分子的强烈抨击。陈独秀连续发表批孔文章。其实陈独秀批判的直接对象并不是孔子,也不是儒家思想,而是假借孔教实施复辟帝制的所有活动。陈独秀批判儒家思想是整个新文化运动批判传统的缩影,而新文化运动作为中国社会结构变迁下的必然产物,在提出救亡图存的一个方向的同时,引发我们进一步思考,在当今这样的现实条件下,传统的儒家思想将如何走进现代化。

In early 20th century, with the continuing introduction of the western thoughts, the conflict between Chinese and Western culture became heating up. Yuan Shikai＇ s monarchy and Kang Youwei＇ s the letter to the president and premier aroused the intense attack from the intellectuals with the guidance of the westem thoughts. Chen Duxiu became the main representative of those who criticized Confucianism with con- tinuously publishing articles to criticize restoration. Firstly, this article will make clear that the real objects that Chen Duxiu criticized were restoration activities under the name of Confucius, but not Confucius or Confu- cianism itself. Secondly, this article will clarify the attitude and proposition of Chen Duxiu to Confucianism. Finally, the criticism to Confucianism from Chen Duxiu is the epitome of New Culture Movement＇ s counter- tradition. New Culture Movement was a necessary outcome of the development of Chinese society. It offered a way to save our nation, and in addition, how to realize the modernization of traditional Confucianism is worthy our thinking.