论14-17世纪德意志和中欧工商业经济的繁荣与衰弱

On the Flourish and Decline of Reich and Middle-European's Industrial and Commercial Economy in the 14-17th Century

约自14世纪起,德意志和中欧的商业贸易开始步入繁荣期,并在之后的两个世纪里一度成为欧洲的商业中心之一。在商业贸易兴盛的同时,德意志和中欧的各类手工业和采矿业也迅速发展,工业经济亦步入繁荣期。但约自16世纪末期起,德意志和中欧的工商业经济开始衰弱。这一方面是因为汉萨同盟的商业贸易缺乏有力的工业支撑,且贸易特权逐渐丧失;另一方面是新航路开辟引起的欧洲贸易中心的转移,严重打击了德意志和中欧的工商业经济。

The trade and commerce of Reich and Middle-European began to step into its flourishing period about from the 14th century, and once became one of the European commercial centres in the later two centuries. A- long with the trade and commerce flourishing, many kinds of handicraft industry and mining industry also devel- decline is that the trade of Hanseatic League was short of industrial support, and also lost its frade prerogative. The second reason is the open of the new sea route caused the transfer of the Europe trade centre, and badly beat the Reich and Middle-European＇s industrial and commercial economy.